高三英语复习教案：特殊句式复习

6、John opened the door . There _____ he had never seen before. 【D】

A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood

C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl

如果主语是人称代词，则主语和谓语的位置不变。

Here it is.

2)、为了强调，或为了紧密衔接上下文，常将表语放在句首，颠倒主语和谓语的次序。

Present at the meeting were Mr. Smith, Mr. Green and many other celebrities.

3)、为了使句子生动、流畅，可把in, out, down, over, off, away之类用作状语的副词放在句首，采用完全倒装。句中的谓语动词多是行为动词，而且是不及物动词。

Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes

4)、当介词短语位于句首作地点状语时，也常常用完全倒装。

7、At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China. 【A】

A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies

C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie

2、部分倒装

1)、用在省略了if的虚拟条件句中(把were, had或should移至主语前)，采用部分倒装。

Were she here, she would help us.(=If she were here, she would help us.)

2)、在表示祝愿的句子里，谓语动词或谓语动词的一部分，要放在主语的前面。

May you succeed!

3)、用在以so开头、表示谓语所述情况也适用于另一个人或另一事物的肯定句中，表示“也一样”，“也这样”。结构为：so + 系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语或者由neither, nor引导的，表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人(或东西)的句子(否定句)，表示“也不”

He can speak English, so can we.

They haven’t prepared their lessons. Nor/Neither have I.

注意：so + 人称代词(同一主语)+ 助动词，这种结构中的主谓是正常语序，用以重述前面的情况，以表示赞同或强调。

----It was cold yesterday.　　----So it was.

注意：so it is/was with + 另一主语，这种结构表示这一主语的情况也如此。主要用于上文出现两个以上句子(情况)，而在逻辑上这些句子表现同一主语，通常是有肯定和否定的混合句。或有两个(以上)谓语。

Mike likes Chinese but he is not good at Chinese. So it is with Tom.

注意：主语+ 动词do(某种形式)+so, 此句型用以避免重复前文所述动词及其宾(状)语，表示该句型中的主语做了前文中已提到的动作，此句型中的主语可与前句主语相同，也可以是另外的人。

She asked me to speak louder and I did so.

4)、以never, little, not only, not until, hardly, scarcely, no sooner…than, hardly…when, by no means, nowhere, at no time, not a +名词等表示否定或半否定意义的副词或词组开头的句子中，采用部分倒装。

8、-It’s nice.Never before such a special drink!

-I’m glad you like it.【C】

A.I have had B.I had C.have I had D.had I

9、 Not until he left his home ____ to know how important the family was for him.【A】

A did he begin B had he begun

C he began D he had begun

5)、often, many a time, always, once等表示时间的频度副词放在句首时应用部分倒装。

Many a time has he been to Paris. 他去过巴黎多次。

6)、以only开头的句子(only后面为副词、介词短语或状语从句)，采用部分倒装，即把谓语的助动词放到主语之前，谓语用原形。

10、Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _______a decision. 【B】

A.they reached B.did they reach

C.they reach D.do they reach

7)、as/ though引导让步状语从句时，常将句末的表语、动词、副词提至句首。

11、Unsatisfied with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.【B】

A. though was he B. though he was

C. he was though D. was he though

三、省略

在语言运用中，尤其是在口语中，省略是常见的语言现象。

1、在某些表虚拟语气的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，从句谓语动词中的should可以省略。这些句子一般包含如下动词一及其派生词：一坚持(insist)，二命令

(order, command)，三建议(suggest, propose, advise)，四要求(demand, require, request, ask)

Jane's pale face suggested that she was ill and her parents suggested that she have a medical examination.

It is necessary (important, impossible, strange, natural, a pity, no wonder) that...等主语从句中。

It is necessary that the problem be solved at once.

2、定语从句中的省略

(1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that, which, who (whom)常可以省略。

The man I saw is called Tom.

Where is the pen I bought this morning?

(2)关系副词when, where, why及that在the time when, the place where, the reason why, the way that结构中引导限制性定语从句时，在非正式场合下，可以省略关系副词when, where, why和that等。

I shall never forget the day we first met.

The reason he came so early is his own affair.

I don't like the way you speak to your mother.

3、状语从句中的省略

(1)当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。

12、It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine. , we’d better take it to the garage immediately.【D】

A.Otherwise B.If not C.But for that D.If so

(2)虚拟条件句中,含助动词、情态动词、动词be或have等,若将它们提到句首,则需省略if。

Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit till next week.

(3)在as(so)... as..., than引导的比较状语从句中。

I know you can do better than Peter.

This car doesn't run as fast as that one.

(4)在as引导的让步状语从句中，当作表语的单数名词提前时，不定冠词要省略。

Child as he is, he knows a lot.

4、动词不定式中的省略

1)有些动词，如believe, find, think, feel, consider, imagine, prove等后作宾补的结构to be + n./ adj. 中的to be可以省略。

I consider him stupid.

His mother found him a clever boy.

2) 感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等以及使役动词let, make, have后作宾补的动词不定式中的不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，to必须保留。

They made the boy go to bed early.

The boy was made to go to bed early.

3) 动词不定式在prefer，refuse，decide, mean, intend, try，promise, like, love， care，want，hope，wish，expect等动词后作宾语时，为了避免重复,常承前省略不定式后的内容,但要保留不定式符号 to。

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