高二英语必修五教案：Great scientists教案

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 必修 5 Unit 1 Great scientists

核心单词

1. characteristic

n.特色;特性;典型

adj.特有的，表示特性的;典型的

Kindness is one of his characteristics.

和善是他的特性之一。

A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.

骆驼的一个特点是不喝水也能活很长时间。

He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others. (2010•01•山东德州检测)

A. Characteristic B. character

C. Appearance D. temper

解析:选B。句意为：他证明自己是个真正的绅士，和别人一起工作的时候，他的性格总表现出最好的一面。character作名词时，表示“性格;特点”，一般是不可数名词;characteristic是可数名词，常用复数形式，表示“总的特点”。

易混辨析

character/characteristic

character n.性格，品质(本身具有的);角色，人物;字体，字符

characteristic n. 特点，特征(用以区别于其他事物的)

高手过招

单项填空

2. defeat

vt.击败;打败;使(计划、希望)落空

Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0.

我们队以五比零的比分战胜了对手。

He was defeated in his plan.他的计划失败了。

易混辨析

defeat/conquer/overcome

三个词都含有“战胜”、“击败”的意思。

defeat指“赢得胜利”，尤其指军事上的胜利，如：defeat the enemy(打败敌人)。

conquer指“征服;战胜”,尤其指获得对人、物或感情的控制，如：conquer nature(征服自然)。

overcome指“战胜;压倒;克服”，尤其指“感情”，如：overcome difficulties(克服困难)。

defeat/beat/win

defeat, beat都表示在战斗或竞赛中“战胜,打败(对手)”,后接竞争对手。如：beat the competitor/the country/the team ...打败对手/国家/团队……

win也表示“战胜,赢得”,但它的宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表示尊重、崇拜之类意义的词。如：win a race/a battle/a war/a scholarship/a prize/a medal/success/friendship/reward ...赢得比赛/战役/战争/奖学金/奖品/奖章/成功/友谊/奖赏……

高手过招

选词填空(beat/defeat/conquer/win) (原创)

①By not working hard enough you your own purpose.

②Some countries may be but can never be .

③Who is the drum?

④He the first prize in the writing contest.

答案:①defeated ②defeated; conquered

③beating ④won

3. attend

v. 注意;留意;处理(与to连用)=do with;

出席;到场;照看;照料=take care=look after

常用结构：

attend school/college 上学/上大学

attend a lecture/meeting 听讲座/出席会议

attend a wedding/ceremony 出席婚礼/参加典礼

attendance n. 出席;出席的人数;伺候;照料

We’ll attend to the problem later. 稍后我们将关注这个问题。

Which doctor is attending you? 哪个医生为你看病?

高手过招

翻译句子 (原创)

①他们在我们不在时管理事务。

②他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。

答案：①They attended our affairs during our absence.

②He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.

4. expose

vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光，常与介词to连用，表示“使暴露于(日光、风雨等);受到风险;使面临”。

常用结构：

expose sth./sb./oneself (to ...) 显露或暴露于……

be exposed to 暴露于……

Don’t expose it to the rain/wind.别让它被雨淋/风吹。

The soldiers in the open field are exposed to the enemy’s fire. 空地里的士兵暴露于敌人的火力之下。

The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve. 对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。

高手过招

用expose的适当形式填空(原创)

①In summer, the sun can be very harmful to your skin.

②The soil was washed away by the flood, bare rock.

答案: ① being exposed to ② exposing

5. cure

vt.&n. 治愈，治疗;常用于“cure sb. of ...”结构中。

The doctor cured her of a bad cold.医生治好了她的重感冒。

It is possible to cure the sickness.治愈这种疾病是可能的。

易混辨析

cure/treat/heal/recover

cure意为“治疗;治愈”，多用于指药物治疗并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习气。

treat为日常用语，意为“治疗;医治”，指治疗病人的全过程或活动。

heal意为“治愈(伤口);医治”，指治好外伤或烧伤后的部位，使伤口愈合，不用于指治疗感冒等疾病。

recover意为“痊愈,复原”，主要是指从病中痊愈了，常与from连用。

That pill cured my headache.那种药片治好了我的头疼。

That will cure him of his bad habits.那将改正他的坏习惯。

There are only two doctors to treat more than 50 patients.

只有两名医生来治疗50多个病人。

The wound on my arm has healed.我胳膊上的伤已痊愈了。

He’s now fully recovered from his bad cold.

他现在已完全从重感冒中康复了。

高手过招

完成句子 (原创)

①盘尼西林治好了他的肺炎。

Penicillin his pneumonia.

②事故后卡车司机的擦伤得到了治疗。

After the accident, the lorry driver for cuts and bruises.

③他手指上的伤口很快愈合了。

The cut on his finger quickly.

答案：①cured him of ②was treated ③healed

6. absorb

vt. 吸收;吸引;吸收(液体，气体，光，声等);汲取，理解(知识等);使全神贯注;吸引(注意等)，后常接介词in/by;合并(公司等);吞并;常接介词into;承受;经受。

联想拓展

absorbed adj. 精神集中的

absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的

absorb from sth. 从……中吸收

be absorbed in 专心于，全神贯注于

Cotton gloves absorb sweat. 棉手套吸汗。

So many good ideas! It’s too much for me to absorb all at once. 这么多好主意!我很难一下子完全吸收。

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