高三英语教案：省略句复习

It is no use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有用

It is no good (in) doing sth. 做某事无益

There is no hurry (in) doing sth. 不必着急做某事

There is no point (in) doing sth. 做某事无意义

There is no use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有用

8.引导词there的省略

(There) Ought to be some coffee in the pot. 壶里应该有些咖啡的。

(There) Must be somebody waiting for you. 肯定有人在等你。

B. 句子成分的省略

为了避免重复，或者为了使某一内容显要注目，可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变。

1.省略主语

Hope so. 希望如此。(= I hope so.)

Beg your pardon. 请你原谅。(= I beg your pardon.)

Take care! 当心!(= You take care.)

Looks as if it will rain. 看起来像要下雨。(= It looks as if it will rain.)

Serves you right. 你活该!(= It serves you right.)

注意：

祈使句主语通常省略(如Take care! 当心!)。但有时为了明确对方，可加上主语。

You feed the bird today, will you 今天你喂鸟，好吗?

Somebody answer the phone, please. 请来个人接一下电话。

2.省略谓语

Anything the matter?要紧吗?(= Is anything the matter)

Who next 该谁了?(= Who comes next)

Just a moment, please. 请等一会儿。(= Just wait a moment, please.)

The river was deep and the ice thin. 河很深，冰很薄。(= The river was deep and the ice was thin.)

We'll do the best we can. 我们将尽力而为。(= We'll do the best we can do.)

What we can't get seems better than what we have. 我们得不到的似乎要比我们已经得到的要好。(= What we can't get seems better than what we have got.)

3.省略表语

Are you ready Yes, I am. 你准备好了吗? 我准备好了。(am后面省略了表语ready)

He is a lover of sports as he was in his youth. 他还是像年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。(was后面省略了表语a lover of sports)

China has been, and still is, the most populous country in the world. 中国过去是，而且现在还是世界上人口最多的国家。 (= China has been the most populous country in the world and still is the most populous country in the world.)

4.省略宾语

We have to analyze and solve problems. 我们必须分析问题解决问题。(analyze后省略了宾语problems)

I struck match after match, but could not light. 我划了一根又一根火柴，但一根也没划着。(light后省略了宾语a match)

Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry. 让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。(wash和dry后面省略了宾语dishes)

5.省略定语

He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved. 他花了一部分钱，其余的他都存了起来。(the rest后面省略了定语of the money)

6.省略状语

(Even) The wisest man cannot know everything. 即使最聪明的人也不能无所不知。

Mary spoke (rudely), and John answered rudely. 玛丽说得粗鲁，约翰答得也粗鲁。

He was not hurt. (How) Strange! 他没有受伤，真奇怪!

三、 省略在句子中的运用

在一个句子中，省略可分为依赖上下文省略和不依赖上下文省略两种。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到，但后者可能找不到。

A. 简单句中的省略

1.依赖上下文的省略，在对话中最为常用。

Like more beer 再要点啤酒吗?(= Would you like more beer)

— Would you mind if I used your telephone 用一下你的电话，你介意吗?

— Not at all. 一点也不。(= I do not mind at all.)

— Will he pass this examination他这次考试会通过吗?

— Probably. 大概会的。(= He will probably pass the examination.)

提示：

被省略的部分一般可以根据上下文在句子中补上，但有时省略结构已经定型，如果把省略部分补上，反而显得累赘或不合乎习惯。

An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 一日之计在于晨。(在two后补上hours显得罗嗦。)

It is now ten to seven. 现在七点十分。(如说It is now ten minutes to seven o'clock. 显得累赘)

No parking. 禁止停车。(= No parking is allowed here. 告示用语，补上不合乎习惯。)

2.不依赖于上下文的省略。

All aboard! 请上船。(=All go aboard. 省略谓语)

What exciting news! 多么令人激动的消息啊!(= What exciting news it is! 省略主语+谓语)

Sounds like a good idea. 听上去是个好主意。(= It sounds like a good idea. 省略主语)

Everybody appears well prepared. 看起来大家都准备好了。(=Everybody appears to be well prepared. 省略不定式to be)

B. 并列句中的省略

并列句中如果前后分句有相同的部分，常常可以省略掉，以避免重复。通常被省略的可以是主语、谓语、谓语动词、宾语或其它成分，或句子成分的一部分。

1.省略出现在后一分句。

John likes collecting stamps but (John) hates listening to music. 约翰喜欢集邮但不喜欢听音乐。(省略主语)

Some books are to be tasted, others (are) to be swallowed, and some few (are) to be chewed and digested. 有些书是应当尝尝滋味的，有些书是应当吞食下去的，有少数书是应当咀嚼和消化的。(省略谓语)

I have been to Beijing and (I have) seen the Great Wall. 我到过北京，见到了万里长城。(省略主语+助动词)

I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to (see the film). 我请他去看电影，但他不想去。(省略作宾语的不定式)

注意：

为了避免重复，不定式可以省去与句子前面重复的动词原形，但不定式符号to必须保留(详见第5章)。

—Will you join in the game 你愿意参加这项活动吗?

—I'd be glad to (join in the game). 我很乐意参加。

I didn't want to go there, but I had to (go there). 我不想去那里，但没办法。

2.省略出现在前一分句。

We can (win tomorrow's match), and certainly will, win tomorrow's match. 我们能够，而且一定会在明天的比赛中获胜。(前一分句省略谓语+宾语)

I wished (to find him), yet feared to find him. 我又想找到他，又怕找到他。

3.前后两个分句都出现省略。

They can (pay the full fee) and (they) should pay the full fee. 他们能够也应该支付全部费用。

I'll fly to (Guangzhou), but (I'll) drive back from Guangzhou. 我将飞往广州，但开车回来。

C.复合句中的省略

在主从复合句中，省略的现象是很普遍的。

1.省略主句的句首部分。

(I'm) Sorry I couldn't go. 很抱歉，我不能去。

(Is there) Nothing more you want to say 你没什么要补充吗?

2.省略整个主句或主句的一部分(回答问题时常用)。

上一页  [1] [2] [3] [4]  下一页